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The monopoly supplier may make you the
''all or nothing'' ultimatum. "If you want nine items, you must pay me more, or I won't
sell you any." What will you do? Undoubtedly, you will pay more than $108 for all nine
items; the alternative is to not gain any satisfaction at all from the good.
There is a
difference between total utility and total market revenue. The consumer always
gets more than they pay for; but it is not at the expense of the seller.
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The value of the transaction is different for the consumer and the supplier. The utility
gained by the consumer is the red area in the graph above, plus the blue area. The market
value of the transaction is the blue area, alone. Hence, the consumer surplus is the red area.
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